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1.熱粘合法錦綸非織造布
jinlunfeizhizaoburezhanhefashijinlunfeizhizaobuchanliangzuidadeyigepinzhong,yibanshiyongchunjinlunduanxianweihuojinlunyuqitaxianweihunhe,jingrezhagongyibaxianweihuxianglianjiezaiyiqierxingchengxupiancailiao。chanpinjuyoubo、軟、細及彈性好的特點,是高檔粘合襯布的好基材,用於絲綢、高檔風衣、yurongfuzhuangdengchenbu。yekejiangjinlunduanxianweiyuyidingbilideqitaxianweihunhe,jingrezhahuorerongfangfazhichengjuyouxiangdangqianglidexianwang,ranhouzaijingguoyahuahehouchuliercheng。rudubangdefuhefeizhizaobuInova係列,是由不同比例含量的錦綸、滌綸、丙綸、氨綸、棉mian花hua纖xian維wei混hun合he而er成cheng,最zui終zhong形xing成cheng的de複fu合he非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de外wai觀guan具ju有you永yong久jiu性xing花hua紋wen,有you良liang好hao的de彈dan性xing及ji導dao汗han透tou氣qi的de特te點dian,可ke根gen據ju環huan境jing溫wen度du調tiao節jie而er產chan生sheng保bao暖nuan或huo涼liang爽shuang的de感gan覺jiao,應ying用yong於yu製zhi作zuo服fu裝zhuang,穿chuan著zhe輕qing便bian、舒適、合身,而且堅固耐磨。
也可采用錦滌複合皮芯短纖維采用熱粘合工藝製成非織造布材料,這是以錦綸6為皮,滌綸為芯進行複台紡絲,生產出質量穩定的錦滌複合纖維,以降低生產成本。錦滌複合短纖維的性能較純錦綸6短纖維有較大的改善,斷裂強度增加,斷裂伸長降低,初始模量提高。複合纖維還保留了錦綸良好的吸濕性、染色性、耐磨性,為此錦滌複合纖維可以在多種場合替代純錦綸短纖維,並且在一定的生產條件下其使用效果要比純錦綸好。
此外,耐熱纖維的開發與應用,也可應用在熱粘合工藝中。對於錦綸66來講,在正常環境下有突出的優點,但在改變環境時其性能發生變化,如在高溫環境下使用,其強力、韌性和彈性嚴重消失,有些場合已無法使用,研製開發錦綸66耐熱纖維,在錦綸非織造布熱粘合法工藝中使用良好。利用錦綸66纖維高熔點、高伸長、高強度的特性,加人耐熱劑使其耐高溫,在240℃溫度下仍能保持良好的物理性能。對於改性劑的選擇要求是:在zai保bao證zheng耐nai高gao溫wen抗kang氧yang化hua性xing能neng的de前qian提ti下xia,對dui物wu理li指zhi標biao影ying響xiang越yue小xiao越yue好hao,還hai具ju有you較jiao好hao的de抗kang氧yang化hua性xing,同tong時shi也ye具ju有you增zeng塑su性xing和he潤run滑hua性xing,並bing且qie可ke在zai各ge種zhong製zhi造zao設she備bei上shang使shi用yong。這zhe種zhong耐nai熱re型xing非fei織zhi造zao布bu在zai耐nai高gao溫wen服fu裝zhuang、軍jun用yong領ling域yu有you廣guang泛fan的de發fa展zhan前qian景jing,因yin為wei耐nai高gao溫wen抗kang氧yang化hua纖xian維wei同tong時shi具ju有you抗kang紫zi外wai線xian氧yang化hua性xing能neng,如ru軍jun用yong帳zhang篷peng使shi用yong這zhe種zhong非fei織zhi造zao材cai料liao比bi普pu通tong錦jin綸lun纖xian維wei壽shou命ming可ke提ti高gao一yi倍bei或huo二er倍bei以yi上shang。
2.針刺法錦綸非織造布
由(you)於(yu)錦(jin)綸(lun)具(ju)有(you)優(you)異(yi)的(de)耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)和(he)高(gao)強(qiang)力(li),且(qie)熔(rong)點(dian)較(jiao)高(gao),因(yin)而(er),常(chang)用(yong)在(zai)地(di)毯(tan)中(zhong)。通(tong)常(chang)將(jiang)錦(jin)綸(lun)和(he)滌(di)綸(lun)混(hun)合(he)梳(shu)理(li)後(hou),再(zai)經(jing)兩(liang)道(dao)針(zhen)刺(ci)加(jia)固(gu),最(zui)終(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)用(yong)做(zuo)地(di)毯(tan)或(huo)地(di)板(ban)表(biao)麵(mian)覆(fu)蓋(gai)物(wu)。
采(cai)用(yong)針(zhen)刺(ci)法(fa)製(zhi)造(zao)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu),要(yao)求(qiu)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei)具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing),在(zai)錦(jin)綸(lun)纖(xian)維(wei)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)是(shi)評(ping)判(pan)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)優(you)劣(lie)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)指(zhi)標(biao)之(zhi)一(yi)。它(ta)不(bu)但(dan)影(ying)響(xiang)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)一(yi)等(deng)品(pin)率(lv),也(ye)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)後(hou)道(dao)工(gong)序(xu)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)。在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong),染(ran)色(se)不(bu)勻(yun)易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)橫(heng)向(xiang)條(tiao)紋(wen)絲(si)。橫(heng)紋(wen)絲(si)分(fen)為(wei)兩(liang)類(lei),一(yi)類(lei)是(shi)同(tong)一(yi)樣(yang)品(pin)本(ben)色(se)有(you)條(tiao)紋(wen)的(de)色(se)差(cha),另(ling)一(yi)類(lei)是(shi)多(duo)個(ge)樣(yang)品(pin)共(gong)同(tong)編(bian)織(zhi)時(shi)產(chan)生(sheng)條(tiao)紋(wen)色(se)差(cha)。
由於錦綸6因yin其qi吸xi濕shi性xing比bi較jiao好hao,故gu生sheng產chan過guo程cheng中zhong受shou環huan境jing溫wen濕shi度du影ying響xiang比bi較jiao大da。溫wen濕shi度du過guo高gao或huo過guo低di,均jun會hui影ying響xiang產chan品pin的de染ran色se均jun勻yun性xing,原yuan因yin在zai於yu錦jin綸lun纖xian維wei在zai不bu同tong濕shi度du下xia收shou縮suo率lv不bu同tong,對dui染ran料liao的de吸xi附fu率lv不bu同tong,從cong而er產chan生sheng織zhi物wu染ran色se條tiao紋wen。實shi際ji生sheng產chan中zhong,必bi須xu綜zong合he考kao慮lv各ge因yin素su關guan係xi,才cai能neng生sheng產chan出chu優you質zhi的de產chan品pin。
為了提高針刺法錦綸非織造布的染色性能,研刺和生產錦綸6色母粒應用於錦綸6紡前著色,具有添加量小、無汙染、可紡性佳等優點,錦綸6易染色,但在後染時所產生的“三廢”汙wu染ran已yi日ri益yi引yin起qi人ren們men的de關guan注zhu。采cai用yong色se母mu粒li紡fang前qian著zhe色se,不bu但dan解jie決jue了le汙wu染ran問wen題ti。更geng使shi紡fang前qian著zhe色se變bian得de簡jian便bian而er快kuai捷jie,並bing且qie也ye彌mi補bu了le染ran色se所suo不bu及ji的de色se澤ze效xiao果guo。
suizherenmenduihuanjingwuranzhiliyishidetigao,tebieshihuanbaofalvhefaguidechutaiyicushiduisemulidexuqiuzengchang,tebieshisuizheduisemuliyanjiudejinyibushenru、新產品的開發、色譜的完善、質量的提高、成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)降(jiang)低(di)等(deng)等(deng),將(jiang)有(you)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)化(hua)纖(xian)廠(chang)更(geng)青(qing)睞(lai)於(yu)色(se)母(mu)粒(li)。采(cai)用(yong)色(se)母(mu)粒(li)紡(fang)前(qian)著(zhe)色(se)工(gong)藝(yi)不(bu)僅(jin)簡(jian)單(dan)可(ke)靠(kao),減(jian)少(shao)了(le)環(huan)境(jing)汙(wu)染(ran),也(ye)省(sheng)去(qu)了(le)印(yin)染(ran)設(she)備(bei)和(he)多(duo)道(dao)加(jia)熱(re)工(gong)序(xu),降(jiang)低(di)了(le)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben),同(tong)時(shi)染(ran)色(se)均(jun)勻(yun)度(du)不(bu)受(shou)纖(xian)維(wei)結(jie)構(gou)差(cha)異(yi)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)針(zhen)刺(ci)法(fa)製(zhi)成(cheng)優(you)良(liang)的(de)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)。
3.水刺法錦綸非織造布
分fen裂lie型xing錦jin綸lun在zai高gao壓ya水shui刺ci的de作zuo用yong下xia可ke製zhi成cheng超chao細xi錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu,用yong於yu高gao性xing能neng擦ca布bu及ji仿fang麂ji皮pi。另ling外wai,在zai以yi粘zhan膠jiao纖xian維wei為wei主zhu的de水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu用yong做zuo尿niao布bu時shi,在zai粘zhan膠jiao纖xian維wei中zhong加jia入ru適shi量liang的de錦jin綸lun可ke明ming顯xian增zeng加jia尿niao布bu的de強qiang力li。
也(ye)可(ke)選(xuan)擇(ze)錦(jin)綸(lun)與(yu)丙(bing)綸(lun)複(fu)合(he)超(chao)細(xi)纖(xian)維(wei)為(wei)原(yuan)料(liao),采(cai)用(yong)水(shui)刺(ci)法(fa)製(zhi)成(cheng)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu),這(zhe)種(zhong)複(fu)合(he)超(chao)細(xi)纖(xian)維(wei)截(jie)麵(mian)清(qing)晰(xi),在(zai)常(chang)溫(wen)常(chang)壓(ya)下(xia)可(ke)染(ran),織(zhi)物(wu)服(fu)用(yong)舒(shu)適(shi)性(xing)良(liang)好(hao)。複(fu)合(he)纖(xian)維(wei)單(dan)絲(si)纖(xian)度(du)細(xi)旦(dan)化(hua)可(ke)改(gai)善(shan)其(qi)手(shou)感(gan)與(yu)服(fu)用(yong)性(xing)能(neng)。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai),我(wo)國(guo)已(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)細(xi)旦(dan)、超(chao)細(xi)旦(dan)長(chang)絲(si)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)與(yu)開(kai)發(fa)熱(re)。用(yong)常(chang)規(gui)紡(fang)絲(si)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)生(sheng)產(chan)超(chao)細(xi)纖(xian)維(wei)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)毛(mao)絲(si),且(qie)由(you)於(yu)噴(pen)絲(si)板(ban)麵(mian)直(zhi)徑(jing)有(you)限(xian),噴(pen)絲(si)孔(kong)數(shu)不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)大(da)量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia),因(yin)此(ci)單(dan)絲(si)的(de)纖(xian)度(du)也(ye)受(shou)到(dao)很(hen)大(da)的(de)局(ju)限(xian),錦(jin)綸(lun)/丙綸複合超細纖維是采用複合紡絲技術,得到常規纖度的纖維(單絲纖度約2~3dtex),加工成織物後,在染整後加工過程中再使兩組分剝離成單絲纖度小於0.5dtex的複合超細纖維。該纖維織物手感好,在常溫常壓下可染,具有良好的芯吸透濕、透氣功能,適於製作高檔的運動服、T恤、內衣、牛仔衣等,也可製成性能優良的高檔水刺布,廣泛應用在醫療、衛生等領域。
jinnianlaikaifachenggongdenamiyuanhongwaibaojianyixingjinlunxianwei,yekezhichengyouyidegaodangshuicibu。zheshicaiyongteshudebiaomianxiushijishu,zhibeinamijixinxingyuanhongwaifushecailiao,bingjiangqiyujinlun6複合,製備異形遠紅外保健錦綸長絲。隨著生活水平的提高,人們的保健意識不斷增強,遠紅外保健內衣、yuhanzhipindengyibuduanweirenmensuopoqiexuyao。tongguozaixianweizhongjiarujuyoufasheyuanhongwaixiangongnengdeyuanhongwaifushecailiaoerfuyuxianweiyuanhongwaixianfushegongneng,shizhibeiyuanhongwaixianweideyouxiaoshouduanzhiyi。zhezhongshuicibujuyoubaowenheyijun、導濕、促進血液循環、增強免疫力、防蛀等衛生保健的作用。
4.錦綸複合非織造材料
英國Dexter公司開發出一種上、下雙層的複合材料,其底層可以采用錦綸為原料,經梳理成網後用水刺或針刺的方法進行加固;上層非織造布材料是木漿纖維或植物纖維,如馬尼拉麻、jianmahuohuangmaxianwei,caiyongshifahuoqiliuchengwangdefangfazhicheng。jiangliangcengcailiaocaiyongshuilichanjiedefangfafuhezaiyiqi,ranhouduifuhecailiaocaiyongguizhenglijijinxingchuli,tongchangzhenglijideyongliangweifuhecailiaozhongliangde3%~7%,製成品可用做汽車內牆板及車內麵的裝飾材料。
這種錦綸複合非織造材料也可選擇滌/錦複合長絲進行生產,複合纖維是差別化纖維之一,由兩組分高聚物熔體,通過特殊的分配板進行分流、擠出而成。使用不同截麵形狀的噴絲板可形成共紡、並列、皮芯、裂片和海島等種類複合纖維。這種工藝主要用於開發超細纖維,是製造人造麂皮的理想材料,在仿毛、仿絲綢、仿皮、仿桃皮絨等方麵具有優勢。織物透氣性、透濕性、柔軟性好,適用於高級鏡頭的擦鏡布等,並可應用在絕熱材料、過濾材料、超高密度的防水、防潮織物中。由於該類產品具有優良的特性,用途廣闊,必將得到廣泛的發展,從而滿足人民更高檔的衣著要求,並為軍工、醫療等行業提供豐富多采的纖維原料。
國guo外wai超chao細xi纖xian維wei早zao已yi實shi行xing了le規gui模mo生sheng產chan,係xi統tong應ying用yong,並bing形xing成cheng了le生sheng產chan手shou段duan多duo,產chan品pin林lin立li,應ying用yong廣guang泛fan的de局ju麵mian。複fu合he纖xian維wei對dui國guo內nei來lai說shuo,能neng夠gou批pi量liang生sheng產chan,又you能neng形xing成cheng一yi條tiao龍long開kai發fa應ying用yong的de,裂lie片pian型xing複fu合he纖xian維wei是shi其qi中zhong一yi種zhong。國guo內nei現xian有you滌di/錦複合長絲的生產,主要采用POY-DTY路線,某些廠家的生產已具一定規模,產品質量穩定。
滌/錦複合長絲非織造布具有良好的懸垂性、保形性,並具有蓬鬆、柔軟、舒適、吸濕透氣等優異性能。故此產品用途廣泛:如仿桃皮絨、人造麂皮、仿真絲織物、超高密度織物、高效潔淨布、高級擦鏡布、精密儀器清潔布、絕熱材料、過濾材料、防水透氣材料等。
5.濕法錦綸非織造布
濕shi法fa非fei織zhi造zao布bu技ji術shu是shi直zhi接jie由you錦jin綸lun短duan纖xian為wei原yuan料liao,在zai造zao紙zhi機ji上shang一yi次ci性xing成cheng網wang定ding型xing而er形xing成cheng產chan品pin,該gai方fang法fa生sheng產chan速su度du快kuai,生sheng產chan成cheng本ben相xiang對dui於yu其qi它ta非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de加jia工gong方fang法fa低di,原yuan料liao適shi用yong範fan圍wei廣guang。近jin年nian來lai,錦jin綸lun濕shi法fa非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de使shi用yong量liang有you不bu斷duan擴kuo大da的de趨qu勢shi。目mu前qian,錦jin綸lun在zai濕shi法fa非fei織zhi造zao布bu中zhong的de用yong途tu之zhi一yi是shi增zeng加jia紙zhi張zhang的de撕si裂lie強qiang力li,在zai造zao紙zhi的de木mu漿jiang纖xian維wei中zhong加jia入ru一yi定ding比bi例li的de錦jin綸lun短duan纖xian維wei,則ze成cheng品pin紙zhi張zhang的de耐nai撕si裂lie性xing、頂破強力、透氣性及可折疊數目都有很大程度提高。雖然加入錦綸後會使紙張的拉伸強力降低,但可通過控製錦綸的用量、增(zeng)加(jia)木(mu)漿(jiang)纖(xian)維(wei)的(de)比(bi)例(li)或(huo)者(zhe)在(zai)錦(jin)綸(lun)比(bi)例(li)不(bu)變(bian)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)增(zeng)大(da)粘(zhan)合(he)劑(ji)的(de)用(yong)量(liang),從(cong)而(er)增(zeng)加(jia)成(cheng)品(pin)紙(zhi)張(zhang)的(de)拉(la)斷(duan)強(qiang)力(li)。另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)用(yong)途(tu)是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)純(chun)錦(jin)綸(lun),在(zai)對(dui)纖(xian)維(wei)進(jin)行(xing)打(da)漿(jiang)、junyunchengwangjiganzaodenggongxuhou,zhichengchunjinlunshifafeizhizaobu。jianyujinlunxishixingjiaocha,zaishuizhongrongyichengtuan,yinci,zaichaozaoguochengzhongyaojiaruyidingliangdebiaomianhuoxingjishixianweichanshenglianghaofensan,tongshiweizengjiaxianwangdeqiangli,haiyaojiarushidangdezhanhejiezhi,zheyangcainengshijinlunshifafeizhizaobuwaiguanjunyun、結構緊密及拉伸強力高。產品可用於裝飾材料、襯裏、高檔電池隔板及耐用非織造布用品等。
此(ci)外(wai),還(hai)有(you)紡(fang)粘(zhan)法(fa)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)和(he)熔(rong)噴(pen)法(fa)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)藝(yi),其(qi)中(zhong)紡(fang)粘(zhan)法(fa)錦(jin)綸(lun)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)工(gong)藝(yi)在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)隻(zhi)有(you)為(wei)數(shu)不(bu)多(duo)的(de)幾(ji)家(jia)公(gong)司(si)能(neng)生(sheng)產(chan)錦(jin)綸(lun)紡(fang)粘(zhan)布(bu),而(er)我(wo)國(guo)還(hai)沒(mei)有(you)能(neng)力(li)生(sheng)產(chan)錦(jin)綸(lun)紡(fang)粘(zhan)布(bu)。現(xian)在(zai)國(guo)外(wai)公(gong)司(si)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)錦(jin)綸(lun)紡(fang)粘(zhan)布(bu)主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)做(zuo)家(jia)具(ju)及(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)用(yong)品(pin)包(bao)覆(fu)物(wu)、過濾材料、防護服、醫療用品、粘合基布、汽車內用品、薄膜加固材料及安全氣囊底布等。
而er熔rong噴pen法fa錦jin綸lun非fei織zhi造zao布bu是shi在zai聚ju合he物wu直zhi接jie成cheng網wang過guo程cheng中zhong通tong過guo高gao速su高gao溫wen氣qi流liu噴pen吹chui或huo其qi它ta手shou段duan,使shi熔rong體ti細xi流liu受shou到dao極ji度du拉la伸shen而er形xing成cheng極ji細xi的de短duan纖xian維wei網wang,產chan品pin具ju有you高gao過guo濾lv效xiao率lv、低阻力及柔軟等特點。由於受生產設備的限製,國內目前還不能生產熔噴錦綸非織造布,但國外已經出現了這方麵的產品,如美國的Kuss Filtration公司最近已經生產出錦綸6熔噴纖網。它是采用三層纖網複合而成,每一層中錦綸的粗細和長短都不相同,產品主要用做燃料過濾材料。 |