熔體紡絲:將(jiang)高(gao)聚(ju)物(wu)加(jia)熱(re)至(zhi)熔(rong)點(dian)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)適(shi)當(dang)溫(wen)度(du)以(yi)製(zhi)備(bei)熔(rong)體(ti),熔(rong)體(ti)經(jing)螺(luo)杆(gan)擠(ji)壓(ya)機(ji),由(you)計(ji)量(liang)泵(beng)壓(ya)出(chu)噴(pen)絲(si)孔(kong),使(shi)之(zhi)形(xing)成(cheng)細(xi)流(liu)狀(zhuang)射(she)入(ru)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong),經(jing)冷(leng)凝(ning)而(er)成(cheng)為(wei)細(xi)條(tiao)。
溶液紡絲:選取適當溶劑,把成纖高聚物溶解成紡絲溶液,或先將高分子物質製成可溶性中間體,再溶解成紡絲溶液,然後進行紡絲。粘膠、維綸、腈綸多采用此法。溶液紡絲按凝固條件不同分為濕法紡絲和幹法紡絲。
<--小廣告開始--> 幹法紡絲:利(li)用(yong)易(yi)揮(hui)發(fa)的(de)溶(rong)劑(ji)對(dui)高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)進(jin)行(xing)溶(rong)解(jie),製(zhi)成(cheng)適(shi)於(yu)紡(fang)絲(si)的(de)粘(zhan)稠(chou)液(ye)。將(jiang)紡(fang)絲(si)粘(zhan)液(ye)從(cong)噴(pen)絲(si)頭(tou)壓(ya)出(chu)形(xing)成(cheng)細(xi)絲(si)流(liu),通(tong)過(guo)熱(re)空(kong)氣(qi)套(tao)筒(tong)使(shi)細(xi)絲(si)流(liu)中(zhong)的(de)溶(rong)劑(ji)迅(xun)速(su)揮(hui)發(fa)而(er)凝(ning)固(gu),通(tong)過(guo)牽(qian)伸(shen)成(cheng)絲(si)。(氯綸,腈綸,維綸,醋纖)
濕法紡絲:jiangchengxiangaofenzijuhewurongjieyurongjizhongzhichengfangsirongye,jiangfangsirongyeyoupensitoupenchupenchuhoujinruningguyuzhong,youyuzhanyexisiliuneiderongjikuosanyijininggujixiangzhanyexisiliuzhongshentou,shixisiliuningguchengsitiao。
濕shi法fa紡fang絲si的de特te點dian是shi噴pen絲si頭tou孔kong數shu多duo,但dan紡fang絲si速su度du慢man,適shi合he紡fang製zhi短duan纖xian維wei,而er幹gan法fa紡fang絲si適shi合he紡fang製zhi長chang絲si。通tong常chang同tong品pin種zhong化hua學xue纖xian維wei利li用yong幹gan法fa紡fang絲si較jiao濕shi法fa紡fang絲si所suo得de纖xian維wei結jie構gou均jun勻yun,質zhi量liang較jiao好hao。 |