水刺法又稱射流噴網成布法,是一種重要的非織布加工工藝,由於水刺法的獨特工藝技術,它廣泛應用與醫療衛生產品和合成革基布、襯衫、家庭裝飾領域。其纖維原料來源廣泛,可以是滌綸、錦綸、丙綸、粘膠纖維等。目前水刺布的主要用途為三大類,即醫用、人革用和擦潔用,其銷售方向:人革用水刺布主要是內銷,醫用水刺布主要是外銷出口,擦潔用水刺布則出口與內銷各占一部分。現在銷售價格最高約為3.6萬元/噸。 一、新技術 : 1、水刺複合技術:shuicifuhejishudeyanjiuyufazhan,bujinkefulebufenfeizhizaochanpindejuxianxing,zengjialehuasepinzhong,dadatuokuanleshuicifeizhizaobudeyingyonglingyu,erqiecujinleshuicijishunaizhizhenggefeizhizaobugongyidefazhanhetigao。(1)shuiciyumujiangqiliuchengwangfuhejishu。youyumujiangjiagebishuicifachangyongdeduanxianweibianyideduo,errongmaojiangxishixingheshouganjunhenhao,yincizhichengdechanpinbiquanbuyongxianweidechanpinbianyi,zaijiageshanghenjingzhengli,danzaigongyishangduiguolvxitongyaoqiuhengao。chanpinkeyongzuokaibu(70%g/m2)、尿布及衛生巾內芯材料。水刺與木漿氣流成網複合的設備有Fleissner公司的Aquapulp、Perfojet公司的Airlace。(2)水shui刺ci與yu長chang絲si紡fang粘zhan纖xian網wang複fu合he技ji術shu。該gai方fang法fa複fu合he的de產chan品pin兼jian具ju紡fang粘zhan非fei織zhi造zao布bu較jiao市shi製zhi強qiang力li和he短duan纖xian維wei良liang好hao的de吸xi收shou性xing能neng,並bing且qie較jiao紡fang粘zhan非fei織zhi造zao布bu均jun勻yun柔rou軟ruan,有you吸xi水shui吸xi油you功gong能neng,強qiang度du又you較jiao高gao,可ke用yong作zuo食shi品pin包bao布bu、裝飾用布及清潔用布等。水刺與紡粘法複合的設備有Flerssner公司的Aquqspun、Aquasplit。以及Freudenberg公司的Evolon加工技術。(3)水刺與濕法成網複合技術。典型的工藝Detex公司的Hydraspun技術,由Detex公司的濕法成網技術結合日本Unicharm公司注冊的Soflom水刺方法組成。Hyderaspun濕shi法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de強qiang力li和he柔rou軟ruan性xing等deng同tong於yu甚shen至zhi超chao過guo傳chuan統tong幹gan法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu,而er且qie濕shi法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu不bu掉diao毛mao屑xie,其qi線xian縫feng拉la伸shen強qiang力li是shi幹gan法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de兩liang倍bei,尤you其qi適shi用yong於yu服fu裝zhuang領ling域yu。 2、水刺的織物整理功能新技術:1995年美國的BBA公司開發了Interspun工藝並申請了專利。利用該工藝,通過水刺來對織物表麵進行處理,可以對織物的結構與性能有積極的影響。1998年BBA公司與Fleissner公司簽署了一項合作協議,Fleissner公司為此項技術的獨家機器供應商。Fleissner公司的Aquatexshicaiyongshuicitouduijizhibujinxingchulidexitong,beichengzuoshiduijizhiwuhouzhengligongyideyixianggemingxingcuoshi。jizhiwujinxingshuicichulihoushizhiwuzhongdeshaxiansongkai,bingshizhiwudedaoyouxiaodeqingjie;根據水刺頭布置情況的不同,織物的兩麵或單麵可獲得桃皮絨的效應;還(hai)可(ke)消(xiao)除(chu)織(zhi)物(wu)在(zai)工(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)所(suo)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)應(ying)力(li),使(shi)經(jing)紗(sha)間(jian)更(geng)加(jia)均(jun)勻(yun),從(cong)而(er)改(gai)善(shan)織(zhi)物(wu)的(de)手(shou)感(gan)和(he)外(wai)觀(guan),增(zeng)加(jia)織(zhi)物(wu)的(de)厚(hou)度(du),使(shi)織(zhi)物(wu)光(guang)澤(ze)柔(rou)和(he),耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)是(shi)未(wei)處(chu)理(li)前(qian)的(de)300%yishang,fengrenchudehuatuoxianxiangjianshaoyibeiyishang,kangqiqiuxingnengdedaogaishan,kangzhouxingtigao,bumiangengjunyun,bumiankongxijianshao,fenbugengjunyun,yongyumianzhiwuransesijingsiguangchuliyiban。yincijingshuicichulihoukequxiaotuijiang、煮煉、絲光、砂磨等工藝,漂白工藝亦可簡化,具有很明顯的綜合經濟效益。產品廣泛用於裝飾布、過濾布、家用紡織品、服裝、汽車安全氣袋織物。 3、水刺技術新進展:英國Loughborough大學機械工程係的Memis Acar研(yan)究(jiu)證(zheng)明(ming),水(shui)刺(ci)工(gong)藝(yi)能(neng)夠(gou)加(jia)工(gong)玻(bo)璃(li)纖(xian)維(wei),生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)業(ye)用(yong)布(bu),由(you)於(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)纖(xian)維(wei)無(wu)卷(juan)曲(qu),傳(chuan)統(tong)觀(guan)念(nian)認(ren)為(wei)幹(gan)法(fa)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)工(gong)藝(yi)很(hen)難(nan)加(jia)工(gong)。大(da)多(duo)數(shu)玻(bo)璃(li)纖(xian)維(wei)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)由(you)針(zhen)刺(ci)或(huo)濕(shi)法(fa)工(gong)藝(yi)加(jia)工(gong)的(de),但(dan)是(shi)美(mei)國(guo)北(bei)卡(ka)羅(luo)萊(lai)州(zhou)立(li)大(da)學(xue)(NCSN)已經成功開發了玻璃纖維和滌綸混紡的水刺非織造布。直徑16um的粗旦玻纖,用水刺法很難加工,如果與直徑6.5um的de細xi旦dan玻bo纖xian混hun合he,則ze有you利li於yu提ti高gao水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de強qiang力li,因yin此ci不bu同tong纖xian度du的de玻bo纖xian混hun合he,細xi旦dan纖xian維wei利li於yu水shui刺ci,粗cu旦dan纖xian維wei利li於yu提ti高gao水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de強qiang力li。如ru果guo玻bo纖xian與yu紡fang織zhi用yong短duan纖xian如ru滌di綸lun混hun合he,可ke以yi加jia強qiang水shui刺ci纏chan結jie能neng力li。將jiang玻bo纖xian與yu低di熔rong點dian滌di綸lun混hun合he,可ke以yi生sheng產chan玻bo鄉xiang土tu增zeng強qiang聚ju酯zhi複fu合he材cai料liao。 美國Auburm大學的研究人員使用NGSN設(she)備(bei)發(fa)現(xian)水(shui)刺(ci)法(fa)可(ke)以(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)土(tu)布(bu),目(mu)前(qian)土(tu)工(gong)布(bu)是(shi)由(you)針(zhen)刺(ci)和(he)熱(re)軋(zha)工(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)。研(yan)究(jiu)人(ren)員(yuan)發(fa)現(xian)改(gai)變(bian)水(shui)刺(ci)壓(ya)力(li)和(he)纖(xian)網(wang)受(shou)水(shui)針(zhen)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)可(ke)以(yi)改(gai)變(bian)土(tu)工(gong)布(bu)的(de)孔(kong)徑(jing)。孔(kong)徑(jing)是(shi)土(tu)工(gong)布(bu)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)指(zhi)標(biao),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)用(yong)其(qi)做(zuo)沙(sha)土(tu)反(fan)濾(lv)層(ceng),允(yun)許(xu)水(shui)流(liu)穿(chuan)過(guo)而(er)阻(zu)止(zhi)土(tu)壤(rang)運(yun)動(dong)。延(yan)長(chang)纖(xian)網(wang)受(shou)水(shui)針(zhen)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)或(huo)提(ti)高(gao)水(shui)刺(ci)壓(ya)力(li),可(ke)以(yi)增(zeng)強(qiang)纖(xian)網(wang)水(shui)刺(ci)纏(chan)結(jie)效(xiao)果(guo),而(er)使(shi)織(zhi)物(wu)孔(kong)徑(jing)縮(suo)小(xiao)。孔(kong)徑(jing)尺(chi)寸(cun)可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)線(xian)調(tiao)節(jie)不(bu)必(bi)停(ting)車(che),從(cong)而(er)提(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)產(chan)速(su)度(du),比(bi)土(tu)工(gong)布(bu)的(de)其(qi)他(ta)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)靈(ling)活(huo)簡(jian)便(bian)。 |