水刺法又稱射流噴網成布法,是一種重要的非織布加工工藝,由於水刺法的獨特工藝技術,它廣泛應用與醫療衛生產品和合成革基布、襯衫、家庭裝飾領域。其纖維原料來源廣泛,可以是滌綸、錦綸、丙綸、粘膠纖維等。目前水刺布的主要用途為三大類,即醫用、人革用和擦潔用,其銷售方向:人革用水刺布主要是內銷,醫用水刺布主要是外銷出口,擦潔用水刺布則出口與內銷各占一部分。現在銷售價格最高約為3.6萬元/噸。 一、新技術 : 1、水刺複合技術:shuicifuhejishudeyanjiuyufazhan,bujinkefulebufenfeizhizaochanpindejuxianxing,zengjialehuasepinzhong,dadatuokuanleshuicifeizhizaobudeyingyonglingyu,erqiecujinleshuicijishunaizhizhenggefeizhizaobugongyidefazhanhetigao。(1)水(shui)刺(ci)與(yu)木(mu)漿(jiang)氣(qi)流(liu)成(cheng)網(wang)複(fu)合(he)技(ji)術(shu)。由(you)於(yu)木(mu)漿(jiang)價(jia)格(ge)比(bi)水(shui)刺(ci)法(fa)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)短(duan)纖(xian)維(wei)便(bian)宜(yi)得(de)多(duo),而(er)絨(rong)毛(mao)漿(jiang)吸(xi)濕(shi)性(xing)和(he)手(shou)感(gan)均(jun)很(hen)好(hao),因(yin)此(ci)製(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)比(bi)全(quan)部(bu)用(yong)纖(xian)維(wei)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)便(bian)宜(yi),在(zai)價(jia)格(ge)上(shang)很(hen)競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li),但(dan)在(zai)工(gong)藝(yi)上(shang)對(dui)過(guo)濾(lv)係(xi)統(tong)要(yao)求(qiu)很(hen)高(gao)。產(chan)品(pin)可(ke)用(yong)作(zuo)揩(kai)布(bu)(70%g/m2)、尿布及衛生巾內芯材料。水刺與木漿氣流成網複合的設備有Fleissner公司的Aquapulp、Perfojet公司的Airlace。(2)shuiciyuchangsifangzhanxianwangfuhejishu。gaifangfafuhedechanpinjianjufangzhanfeizhizaobujiaoshizhiqiangliheduanxianweilianghaodexishouxingneng,bingqiejiaofangzhanfeizhizaobujunyunrouruan,youxishuixiyougongneng,qiangduyoujiaogao,keyongzuoshipinbaobu、裝飾用布及清潔用布等。水刺與紡粘法複合的設備有Flerssner公司的Aquqspun、Aquasplit。以及Freudenberg公司的Evolon加工技術。(3)水刺與濕法成網複合技術。典型的工藝Detex公司的Hydraspun技術,由Detex公司的濕法成網技術結合日本Unicharm公司注冊的Soflom水刺方法組成。Hyderaspun濕shi法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de強qiang力li和he柔rou軟ruan性xing等deng同tong於yu甚shen至zhi超chao過guo傳chuan統tong幹gan法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu,而er且qie濕shi法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu不bu掉diao毛mao屑xie,其qi線xian縫feng拉la伸shen強qiang力li是shi幹gan法fa水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de兩liang倍bei,尤you其qi適shi用yong於yu服fu裝zhuang領ling域yu。 2、水刺的織物整理功能新技術:1995年美國的BBA公司開發了Interspun工藝並申請了專利。利用該工藝,通過水刺來對織物表麵進行處理,可以對織物的結構與性能有積極的影響。1998年BBA公司與Fleissner公司簽署了一項合作協議,Fleissner公司為此項技術的獨家機器供應商。Fleissner公司的Aquatex是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)水(shui)刺(ci)頭(tou)對(dui)機(ji)織(zhi)布(bu)進(jin)行(xing)處(chu)理(li)的(de)係(xi)統(tong),被(bei)稱(cheng)作(zuo)是(shi)對(dui)機(ji)織(zhi)物(wu)後(hou)整(zheng)理(li)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)一(yi)項(xiang)革(ge)命(ming)性(xing)措(cuo)施(shi)。機(ji)織(zhi)物(wu)進(jin)行(xing)水(shui)刺(ci)處(chu)理(li)後(hou)使(shi)織(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)的(de)紗(sha)線(xian)鬆(song)開(kai),並(bing)使(shi)織(zhi)物(wu)得(de)到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)的(de)清(qing)潔(jie);根據水刺頭布置情況的不同,織物的兩麵或單麵可獲得桃皮絨的效應;haikexiaochuzhiwuzaigongyiguochengzhongsuochanshengdeyingli,shijingshajiangengjiajunyun,congergaishanzhiwudeshouganhewaiguan,zengjiazhiwudehoudu,shizhiwuguangzerouhe,naimoxingshiweichuliqiande300%以(yi)上(shang),縫(feng)紉(ren)處(chu)的(de)滑(hua)脫(tuo)現(xian)象(xiang)減(jian)少(shao)一(yi)倍(bei)以(yi)上(shang),抗(kang)起(qi)球(qiu)性(xing)能(neng)得(de)到(dao)改(gai)善(shan),抗(kang)皺(zhou)性(xing)提(ti)高(gao),布(bu)麵(mian)更(geng)均(jun)勻(yun),布(bu)麵(mian)孔(kong)隙(xi)減(jian)少(shao),分(fen)布(bu)更(geng)均(jun)勻(yun),用(yong)於(yu)棉(mian)織(zhi)物(wu)染(ran)色(se)似(si)經(jing)絲(si)光(guang)處(chu)理(li)一(yi)般(ban)。因(yin)此(ci)經(jing)水(shui)刺(ci)處(chu)理(li)後(hou)可(ke)取(qu)消(xiao)退(tui)漿(jiang)、煮煉、絲光、砂磨等工藝,漂白工藝亦可簡化,具有很明顯的綜合經濟效益。產品廣泛用於裝飾布、過濾布、家用紡織品、服裝、汽車安全氣袋織物。 3、水刺技術新進展:英國Loughborough大學機械工程係的Memis Acar研(yan)究(jiu)證(zheng)明(ming),水(shui)刺(ci)工(gong)藝(yi)能(neng)夠(gou)加(jia)工(gong)玻(bo)璃(li)纖(xian)維(wei),生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)業(ye)用(yong)布(bu),由(you)於(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)纖(xian)維(wei)無(wu)卷(juan)曲(qu),傳(chuan)統(tong)觀(guan)念(nian)認(ren)為(wei)幹(gan)法(fa)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)工(gong)藝(yi)很(hen)難(nan)加(jia)工(gong)。大(da)多(duo)數(shu)玻(bo)璃(li)纖(xian)維(wei)非(fei)織(zhi)造(zao)布(bu)一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)由(you)針(zhen)刺(ci)或(huo)濕(shi)法(fa)工(gong)藝(yi)加(jia)工(gong)的(de),但(dan)是(shi)美(mei)國(guo)北(bei)卡(ka)羅(luo)萊(lai)州(zhou)立(li)大(da)學(xue)(NCSN)已經成功開發了玻璃纖維和滌綸混紡的水刺非織造布。直徑16um的粗旦玻纖,用水刺法很難加工,如果與直徑6.5um的de細xi旦dan玻bo纖xian混hun合he,則ze有you利li於yu提ti高gao水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de強qiang力li,因yin此ci不bu同tong纖xian度du的de玻bo纖xian混hun合he,細xi旦dan纖xian維wei利li於yu水shui刺ci,粗cu旦dan纖xian維wei利li於yu提ti高gao水shui刺ci非fei織zhi造zao布bu的de強qiang力li。如ru果guo玻bo纖xian與yu紡fang織zhi用yong短duan纖xian如ru滌di綸lun混hun合he,可ke以yi加jia強qiang水shui刺ci纏chan結jie能neng力li。將jiang玻bo纖xian與yu低di熔rong點dian滌di綸lun混hun合he,可ke以yi生sheng產chan玻bo鄉xiang土tu增zeng強qiang聚ju酯zhi複fu合he材cai料liao。 美國Auburm大學的研究人員使用NGSN設she備bei發fa現xian水shui刺ci法fa可ke以yi生sheng產chan土tu布bu,目mu前qian土tu工gong布bu是shi由you針zhen刺ci和he熱re軋zha工gong藝yi生sheng產chan的de。研yan究jiu人ren員yuan發fa現xian改gai變bian水shui刺ci壓ya力li和he纖xian網wang受shou水shui針zhen作zuo用yong的de時shi間jian可ke以yi改gai變bian土tu工gong布bu的de孔kong徑jing。孔kong徑jing是shi土tu工gong布bu的de關guan鍵jian指zhi標biao,特te別bie是shi用yong其qi做zuo沙sha土tu反fan濾lv層ceng,允yun許xu水shui流liu穿chuan過guo而er阻zu止zhi土tu壤rang運yun動dong。延yan長chang纖xian網wang受shou水shui針zhen作zuo用yong的de時shi間jian或huo提ti高gao水shui刺ci壓ya力li,可ke以yi增zeng強qiang纖xian網wang水shui刺ci纏chan結jie效xiao果guo,而er使shi織zhi物wu孔kong徑jing縮suo小xiao。孔kong徑jing尺chi寸cun可ke以yi在zai線xian調tiao節jie不bu必bi停ting車che,從cong而er提ti高gao生sheng產chan速su度du,比bi土tu工gong布bu的de其qi他ta加jia工gong工gong藝yi靈ling活huo簡jian便bian。 |